Abstract: The main problem of China's industrialization of S&T achievements is system mechanism but not transformation rate. Although after the reform of S&T system, the micro mechanism of technology commercialization has been built, the problems of S&T achievements transformation are still very serious in the field of basic research, cutting-edge technology research, strategic technology research and etc.. This paper suggests to deepen the reform of macro management and to build an enterprise-oriented innovation system and technology commercialization system.