Abstract: Under the globally-spread influence of financial crisis, new material industry suffers from its impact. In the period of rapid development, problems such as innovation and productivity capacity are emerging one after another. Based on the introduction of development demand and application dynamics of global carbon fiber industry, the report focuses on related influence and experiences of the civil market and industrial technological innovation of the carbon fiber industry in China. It also proposes recommendations for building technology innovation system of China’s carbon fiber industry in future, formulating development roadmap for the industrial technology, and improving mechanisms of military- and civil-use technologies.