Abstract: Both China and India were facing serious challenges in interllectual property protection(IPP) of traditional medicine. On one hand, medical enterprises pocketed the traditional medicinal knowledge, making the knowledge owners lose all the benefits. On the other hand, traditional medicine system is facing IPP problems in the process of innovation and development. This paper, based on the study of the measurements that China and India took in protecting traditional medicine intellectual property, proposed the suggestions of the cooperation between China and India according to the two countries' development fundation.